@Article{CristaldoFach:2013:AnFeDr,
               author = "Cristaldo, Cesar Flaubiano da Cruz and Fachini Filho, Fernando",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Analysis of ferrofluid droplet combustion under very large 
                         magnetic power",
              journal = "Combustion and Flame",
                 year = "2013",
               volume = "160",
               number = "8",
                pages = "1458–1465",
             keywords = "Ferrofluid, Magneto relaxation heating, Magnetic nanoparticle, 
                         Droplet combustion.",
             abstract = "In this work, the influence of an external alternating magnetic 
                         field on combustion of a ferrofluid (liquid with dispersed 
                         magnetic nanoparticles) droplet is investigated. The response of 
                         the magnetic nanoparticles to the magnetic field generates heat 
                         inside the droplet, due to magneto relaxation, which acts as a 
                         heat source. This phenomenon is produced by friction (viscous 
                         dissipation) between rotating nanoparticles and the liquid 
                         surrounding them. The rotating motion of the nanoparticles is 
                         induced by the magnetic dipole fixed on each nanoparticle, which 
                         tends to align itself with the magnetic field. In the absence of 
                         magnetic field, Brownian motion of the liquid molecules is 
                         responsible for misaligning the dipoles, after collisions with the 
                         nanoparticle surface. Under the influence of an external 
                         alternating magnetic field, the process of aligning and 
                         misaligning repeats itself in each cycle, producing heat by 
                         viscous dissipation, due to a periodically reversing nanoparticle 
                         circular motion. Magneto relaxation heating, together with heat 
                         transfer from the flame, contribute to droplet heating, hence 
                         increasing the vaporization rate of ferrofluid droplets. The 
                         current analysis considers a magnetic heat source that is much 
                         larger than that provided by heat transfer from the flame. Under 
                         this condition, as in the case of semi-transparent droplets 
                         absorbing heat from the flame by radiation, a thermal boundary 
                         layer is formed in the liquid on the droplet surface. 
                         Additionally, under certain conditions the temperature inside the 
                         thermal boundary layer can become higher than the temperature at 
                         the droplet surface. This leads to boiling occurs inside the 
                         droplet rather than at the surface, as in classical models. The 
                         temperature difference between the thermal boundary layer and the 
                         droplet surface results in an extra heat flux to the droplet 
                         surface, which increases the vaporization rate.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.021",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.021",
                 issn = "0010-2180",
                label = "self-archiving-INPE-MCTI-GOV-BR",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Analysis of ferrofluid droplet combustion under very large 
                         magnetic power.pdf",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.02.021",
        urlaccessdate = "07 maio 2024"
}